The impact of GenAI on jobs, productivity and work organization: a review of the empirical evidence

This article synthesises empirical evidence on how Generative AI is affecting productivity, employment, and work organisation. Drawing on experiments, firm-level data, platform studies and new representative worker and firm surveys from Australia, Denmark, Germany, Korea, Kuwait, the United Kingdom and the United States, it finds that productivity gains are real albeit often unverified and uneven. Large-scale job displacement remains limited, and worker-reported time savings of a few per cent of working hours have not yet translated into higher measured output, earnings or employment. The main risks lie in growing inequalities, the erosion of employment opportunities for younger workers, and the reshaping of how work is organised, with implications for coordination, worker autonomy, and job quality.